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2011年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

Section I Use of English

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)

　　①Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as“a bodily exercise precious to health.”②But 1 some claims to the contrary,laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness.③Laughter does 2 short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels,3 heart rate and oxygen consumption.④But because hard laughter is difficult to 4,a good laugh is unlikely to have 5 benefits the way,say,walking or jogging does.

　　①6,instead of straining muscles to build them,as exercise does,laughter apparently accomplishes the 7.②Studies dating back to the 1930s indicate that laughter 8 muscles,decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.

　　①Such bodily reaction might conceivably help 9 the effects of psychological stress.②Anyway,the act of laughing probably does produce other types of 10 feedback that improve an individual’s emotional state.③11 one classical theory of emotion,our feelings are partially rooted 12 physical reactions.④It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry 13 they are sad but that they become sad when the tears begin to flow.

　　①Although sadness also 14 tears,evidence suggests that emotions can flow 15 muscular responses.②In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to 16 a pen either with their teeth—thereby creating an artificial smile—or with their lips,which would produce a（n）17 expression.③Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles 18 more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown,19 that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.④20,the physical act of laughter could improve mood.（295 words）

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