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2010年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

Section I Use of English

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)

　　①In 1924 America’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago.②It hoped they would learn how shop-floor lighting 1 workers’productivity.③Instead,the studies ended 2 giving their name to the“Hawthorne effect”,the extremely influential idea that the very 3 of being experimented upon changes subjects’behavior.

　　①The idea arose because of the 4 behavior of the women in the plant.②According to 5 of the experiments,their hourly output rose when lighting was increased,but also when it was dimmed.③It did not 6 what was done in the experiment;7 something was changed,productivity rose.④A(n)8 that they were being experimented upon seemed to be 9 to alter workers’behavior 10 itself.

　　①After several decades,the same data were 11 to econometric analysis.②The Hawthorne experiments had another surprise in store.③12 the descriptions on record,no systematic 13 was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.

　　①It turns out that the peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led to 14 interpretations of what happened.②15,lighting was always changed on a Sunday.③When work started again on Monday,output 16 rose compared with the previous Saturday and 17 to rise for the next couple of days.④18,a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Mondays.⑤Workers 19 to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case,before 20 a plateau and then slackening off.⑥This suggests that the alleged“Hawthorne effect”is hard to pin down.(285 words)

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